Development Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Development Strategy - Essay Example and growth of specialized stores the competitive landscape became much more diversified. 'Boots operates in an extremely competitive environment where the pace of decision-making and speed of implementation is integral to success," said Boots' chief executive Richard Baker.' (WWD, Jan 23, 2004, p.13). In response to the changes of the environmental factors Boots Group has undertaken a number of measures. Among them are launch of the customer loyalty programmes, sale of non-core business branches, plans for merger etc. One of the examples is the loyalty programme that has been commenced early in the year. 'Customers earn four points for every 1 [pounds sterling] spent. They can buy goods with points, each point advantage card earned being worth a penny. Customers can also collect points on the Boots website, boots.com, but can't spend them on the site.' (Grocer, Feb 19, 2005 p45) The possibility to unite the efforts and capabilities with one more strong market player is for Boots Group another way of addressing the struggle for profits in a competitive environment. In October 2005 the company announced that 'it has been in talks for about six months regarding a merger with rival Alliance UniChem. The transaction was approved by both companies' respective executive boards and shareholders and is expected to be finalized in April, 2006.' (Hoovers 2005) The America's Intelligence Wire, Oct 3, 2005 noted that 'the merger comes after Boots. . .refused to reiterate profit guidance for the year amid slowing U.K. consumer spending and competition with Britain's top retailer, Tesco PLC'. Taken into account that the shareholders and potential investors are two more integral parts of the company's business environment, the rumours about possible merger that have been circulating for six months had significant influence on the stock performance. The ambiguity of the future outcome has partially caused the decline in the stock price earlier in the year followed by the increase after the announcement of merger has been made. (Reuters Quote 2005). The goal of the merger is to create 'an international, pharmacy-led company with a combined turnover of L13.0 billion ($23.11 billion), to operate under the name Alliance Boots. However, their proposal might yet be scuppered as several private-equity firms are reported to be looking at making a bid for Boots following the news that it is up for sale. Among these are KKR, Permira and Apax'. (Pharma Marketletter, Oct 10, 2005 p0) Another environmental aspect that becomes more and more important with the course of Boots expansion into the US market is the economic, social and political factors and the specifics of this market. The groups plan to gain strength in the US retail market in the upcoming few years: The firm is boosting its beauty product presence in U.S. retail partners CVS and Target, and by this fall, Boots beauty items will be offered in 130 stores, up from 32, which will give it entry into the key markets of Washington, D.C., San Francisco, Dallas, Minneapolis and suburban New York and Boston. This effort will also help the retailer gather data on how to successfully expand here nationwide in 2006 within these retailers. (Moore 2005, p.1) Organizational Audit The internal environment of the Boots Company is built upon a strong notion of

Mind and True Feelings Essay Example for Free

Mind and True Feelings Essay In the book Grendel, the author made the decision to use the character Grendel as the narrator. He knew that the readers would understand more about Grendel’s feelings. To know the real Grendel, you need to read it from his point of view, not anyone else’s. The story made more sense because it was written in stream of consciousness. Stream of consciousness means that the author writes down everything that he is thinking. In Grendel we got to read everything from his heart, his true feelings about everything. The story would have been really different if we hadn’t gotten to see who he was and what he was all about. Grendel from the book was a totally different Grendel from Beowulf. In Beowulf we see Grendel as an evil monster that wanted to kill everyone and had no feelings. But we know that he did have true feelings for people and for himself. â€Å"My head aches† (page 13), is an example of something we would have never known by watching the movie. We also know that he cared deeply about his mother and other people. We also would have never known that he was actually very intelligent and could speak. â€Å"I sobbed as if heartbroken† (page 19). We know that he had a heart; a real monster wouldn’t have a heart. He was sad because he didn’t have the life that he wanted; everyone was happy but he wasn’t. With everything that we know about Grendel and his feelings is all stuff that we learned from the book, not from the movie. The movie basically told us the opposite of what was true about him. We would have never known this stuff if the author wouldn’t have written in the stream of consciousness. Grendel had many feelings that we did not know about in Beowulf that we learned about in the book. In the movie we got the idea that he was a horrible monster who didn’t care about anything or anyone. Beowulf told the story from the dans point of view not Grendel’s. So by John Gardner choosing to use stream of consciousness we really saw who Grendel was. Grendel seems way more human in the book rather than the movie. â€Å"I laughed my ankle was numb; my leg was on fire to the hip† (page 21). Only a real human could feel pain and sorrow like that. Everyone hated him and wanted him dead because they thought he was such a horrible monster, but he couldn’t help it. He didn’t pick the way he looks; that’s just how he was created. In the end, he was just in so much pain he didn’t know what to do with his life anymore. So that’s why I’m happy that the author choose this form of writing because we understood who he was and what he was. Not just some monster who wanted to kill everyone. If the Danes could have seen him like we did I think that that would have changed their whole look about him. Those are all the reasons why I think that the stream of consciousness was a way better form of writing rather than formal writing. This is also why I think that we see Grendel more human than monster and understood him better. I sympathize him more this way and feel sorry for him because everyone hated him for the way that he looked. I think the author choose this way because he knew that we would understand him more. That’s why if he would have chosen formal writing everything would have been more confusing and hard to understand.

Kuwait Oil Fields Reconstruction Projects Construction Essay

Kuwait Oil Fields Reconstruction Projects Construction Essay During the Gulf war, Kuwait was invaded by Iraq and by the end of it almost all of oil production facilities of Kuwait had suffered extensive damage and had become defunct. Even after their Liberation in Feb, 1991 a large number of oil wells were on fire. To rebuild the countrys major source of income of the country a project was taken to reconstruct these oil fields. This was the Kuwait oilfields reconstruction project. Bechtel International was the project management firm given the contract to manage this reconstruction project by the Kuwait Oil Company. Work of planning of the project had started in November 1990 within three months of the start of the Iraqi Invasion, in the offices of Bechtel in London. Planning and organizing activities were being done in the offices in London, Houston, San Francisco, Dubai and Riyadh even when the war was still on. Since the war was still on, there was little knowledge of the total extent of the damage to the oilfields and how much work was to be done. However those damages that were identified till then were taken into consideration and front-end planning and procurement for the same had been started. During the end of the war, the retreating Iraqi troops had set the oilfields on fire. Thus to continue with the project first it was necessary to bring these fires under control. The personnel of Bechtel arrived in Kuwait 4 days after a complete sweep of the City was done by the allied troops. The main objective then of these personnel was to organize and manage the firefighting efforts. This was names project Al- Awada (Arabic for return). The vivid scenes shown by the newspaper, magazine, and television reports came alive for Bechtel project personnel. The days were dark with smoke from the fires blocking the sun, oil droplets filled the air, clean water and sanitary systems were not working, power plants were down, transportation was minimal as tires were a precious commodity, and food was very scarce. Initial accommodation was in refurbished ship quarters and in some vandalized apartment complexes without water and electricity, no more than a foam mattress on the floor, and a long hike up a darkened staircase. In addition to these problems, booby traps, land and water mines, unexploded shells and rockets, and other ordnance had littered the country. The temperatures in summer consistently were above 50 à Ã‚ ¦ C in shade (seldom below 37 à Ã‚ ¦ C at night), exposing the people in the field to temperatures of 55-58 à Ã‚ ¦ C in many locations, and hotter nearer to the fires. Just providing drinking water was a ma jor undertaking. John Oakland, senior vice president of Bechtel Corporation, who served as the manager of projects in Kuwait, remarked, This campaign, which was well covered by the international news media, was one of the most complex engineering and construction efforts in history. However, the following assignment, which was the reconstruction of the Kuwait oil fields, was an even bigger and more challenging task. The project of the reconstruction of the oil fields, which was named Al-Tameer (Arabic for rebuild), will be discussed in this report. Status of the Facilities The state of the two million barrels per day oil export industry in Kuwait after the completion of the fire-fighting effort was as follows: 647 wells had burned in total, 751 wells were damaged. Twenty-six oil gathering, separation, and production centers were damaged or totally destroyed. One marine export facility and its related single point mooring was totally destroyed, and the second marine export facility was partially damaged and out of commission. The equivalent of ten million barrels of crude oil storage tankage had been destroyed. The Shuaiba refinery was totally destroyed. A crude unit in the Mina Al Ahrnadi Refinery was completely destroyed. The rest of the refinery was partially damaged and the refinery was out of commission. The Mina Abdullah Refinery was partially damaged and the units were not operable. All communication towers and networks were destroyed. Most of the working population had either fled or were in hiding. Project Al-Tameer After the successful completion of the fire-fighting effort, KOC invited Bechtel to present its plan for the reconstruction of the oil fields production and exporting facilities damaged during the war, starting work by November 1990. KOCs goal was to be able to produce 2 million bpd of oil by September 1992. Planning and Organizing Phase The planning and organizing effort for the Al-Tameer project started with the Bechtel team that was already on-site as part of the Al-Awada project fire-fighting effort. An organization totally different from the Al-Awada project was required to scope, estimate, plan, execute, and turn over operational facilities to KOC. This organization had to be self-sufficient and be able to fully support and service a massive work force of more than 16,000 people. The main organization was divided into five main functions. One was to support KOCs future five-year budget planning with identification, scoping, and planning future projects. This was named KOC Major Projects Group. The other four groups consisted of: manager Al-Tameer projects, responsible for all planning and project management, as well as engineering and procurement manager coordination, responsible for scheduling, cost control, estimating, project reporting, public and community relations, and other relevant functions manager services, responsible for providing all the required support services for the project team including explosive and ordnance demolition group manager operation, responsible for field execution of all the defined work. A damage assessment and scoping team consisting of engineers, planners, and estimators walked every foot of the oil fields production and exporting facilities preparing a scope of work, cost estimate, a plan and schedule of work for each facility. The planning was based on a back to front scheduling defining the dates and production goals first, working backward to see when the drilling effort and facilities reconstruction work had to start to meet this goal. This approach also determined the required manpower and helped with direct hire and subcontracting plans. The overall plan defined the sequence of the work and prioritized the resources to make sure facilities with least damage were first priority for completion. The master schedule was developed based on nine subproject organization work breakdown structures (WBS) Oil recovery Tankage south North Kuwait Pipelines/flow lines Power, buildings, cathodic protection Marine facilities De-salters South gathering centers West gathering centers. Figure : Al Tameer Organization Each subproject having its task force, budget, schedule, and its priority on resources identified was headed by a project manager. The Al-Tameer project organization chart is shown in Figure 1. The teams were integrated with available KOC personnel who performed some of the project functions. Each subproject team was supported by local functional managers to provide them with staff and resources to execute the work. The key driver behind the plan was meeting the schedule and the production capacity. Execution Phase The project execution consisted of three main functions: detail engineering, procurement, and construction management. Detail Engineering Engineering and construction teams worked very closely during the planning phase to determine the best and most expedient way of rebuilding some of the facilities. This close collaboration continued until construction was complete. More than 200 designers and engineers worked in the makeshift project offices at various sites, with strong central support from a base that was set up in an old war-damaged girls school. This was later transferred to a newly constructed KOC engineering building. Additionally, a team of more than 200 engineers from various Bechtel regional offices worldwide provided continuous support and specialized expertise. The main deliverables of the engineering teams were construction drawings, construction packages, and material requisitions and technical bid tabs. This effort was not limited to oil production and exporting facilities; it included some of the necessary infrastructure required for the day-to-day operation of KOC. Offices, warehouses, guest houses, employees housing, roads, power, water, etc., were all part of the scope of the work. Because most of the original drawings and specifications were destroyed during the war, field sketches and measurements had to be used. A total engineering effort of 450,000 hours resulted in 4,500 major drawings. One totally new and fully modularized gathering facility (GC-17) was designed and built in Houston, Texas, and shipped to the sites. Other facilities were designed for rebuild based on their original concept, but modernized wherever possible. Some of the units were very old and were upgraded with the more modern versions of the equipment available. A more extensive use of distributed control systems and automation was one of the key areas that were upgraded. Procurement The project procurement group was established in full force during the firefighting phase of the project to provide resources for that very important effort. In the Al-Tameer phase the team was further expanded to support the massive procurement and contracting effort that was required to meet the target schedule. In addition, inventory control and warehousing material were also part of the procurement teams area of responsibility. The procurement team was also responsible for incorporating all the material into KOC1s automated material and inventory control system. The procurement effort driving the execution phase was centralized, and it was divided into three main areas: Material management Contracts management Warehouse management. Material management included purchasing, inspection, expediting, and traffic and logistics. Contracting included formation and administration. Warehouse management included central warehouses and satellite warehouses. The procurement team had three main goals within the projects overall objective: ensure the right material and resources were available in time to meet the schedule maximize the use of available local resources to assist in rebuilding the local economy ensure sure final warehouse inventory met KOCs material coding and identification system. The size and the particular nature of the project required that the procurement team be divided between material management-reporting to the manager of projects-and contracts management-reporting to the manager of construction. This arrangement facilitated the communication and management of site contractors work with Bechtels direct hire construction work. Material Management Project managers were responsible for development and processing of the material requisitions for their areas of responsibility. Orders over $100,000 required further approval by KOCs manager of the Al-Tameer project. Almost everything required for the execution of the project had to be imported from outside the country. At the early phases of the project the port facilities, custom facilities, and other services required for the proper importation of goods and services were not functioning. Bechtel established a staging area in Jebel Ali port of Dubai (UAE) to receive, inspect, and accept material. Utilizing much smaller vessels and boats, Bechtel then transported goods from Dubai to various Kuwait ports depending on availability and cargo size. This plan also included most of the air freighted material. Because timely delivery of the material was critical to meeting the project schedule, a very detailed material requisitioning plan had to be developed identifying every required detail. This plan was then incorporated into Bechtels worldwide Procurement Tracking System (PTS) that enabled all Bechtel offices to monitor and follow through each order until it reached the site. At later stages of the project when Kuwait ports and custom facilities became functional the above arrangements were changed and everything was imported directly into Kuwait. During this period more than 26,000 purchase orders were issued, and more than 520,000 tons of material were imported utilizing 742 aircraft and sea-going vessels. Warehousing Management One of the key activities of the warehousing management team was to incorporate the variety of material that was left behind after the war and the fire-fighting phase with newly ordered and engineering-specified material. Also, by continuously adjusting and monitoring quantities and specifications they could respond very quickly to emergency and out-of-schedule circumstances. The engineering and warehouse both utilized a common software (PCMC) to identify, locate, and quantify most of the bulk material making sure that when the material was required it would be made available immediately. Contract Management Although due to scheduled requirement reconstruction of some of the flow line, all of the gathering centers and booster stations were performed by Bechtel direct hires, nevertheless more than 300 major construction contracts and 650 equipment rental agreements were issued by the contract management team during the Al-Tameer project phase. The contract formulation team worked as a central group serving all subprojects. The contract administration group managed the administration work more by function than by area. Project managers were ultimately the responsible parties for the contractor work in their areas, receiving the necessary support and services from these two centralized teams. Construction Management Al-Tameer was probably one of the most challenging construction projects ever managed by Bechtel. The work required provision of labor, equipment, and support facilities in fifty-five locations and in four different parts of the country-North fields, South (marine facilities and refineries), West fields, and Burgan fields. The work involved construction of drill pads; roads for heavy rig transportation; well heads; flow lines; gathering centers; gas booster stations; oil storage tanks; water supply, distribution and storage; and marine export terminal and loading facilities. In addition, KOCs own infrastructure (offices, housing, clubs and restaurants, warehouses and buildings, telecommunication, etc.) had to be reconstructed. Construction efforts were divided between direct hire construction and subcontracted work. The total scope of work was divided into nine construction areas, each managed by a field superintendent. Each superintendent was responsible for both direct hire execution as well as field administration of the subcontractors scope of work within his area. Construction superintendents were supported by the central construction group that was the functional group supporting a project matrix team. Prioritization of resources and construction equipment was one of the major functions of the central construction team. Field construction teams were comprised of multinational forces (from thirty-six countries) with totally different cultures, languages, and performance capabilities. Catering and other cultural requirements had to be addressed to ensure each group could perform its function satisfactorily. Each task had to be tailor made to suit the team available. It was important that planning of the manpower and resources take into consideration availability of the right foreman and support group to be able to communicate and perform work with each team. Summary Approximately 1,000,000 hours in the regional offices and 4,000,000 hours in Kuwait were spent for project management/engineering/construction management during the first two phases of this project. Field labor hours were 50,000,000. These project man-hours were spent within the following project schedule milestones: start of planning November 1990 start implementation in Kuwait March 199 1 project completion June 1993. The sources of the project personnel were various. A total of 16,000 workers from thirty-six countries on five continents were involved in this massive effort. The countries that participated in the supply of manpower to this reconstruction included Kuwait, the United States, Great Britain, Canada, France, Australia, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iran, Lebanon, Bahrain, Yugoslavia, Colombia, Indonesia, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Afghanistan, the Philippines, India, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Somalia, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Pakistan, Trinidad, and Sierra Leone. Key Milestones Some of the more notable milestones in the program were: The last fire was extinguished and the well was capped on November 6, 199 1, eight months after the arrival of the first Bechtel team on-site. The first postwar oil was pumped from two of the original gathering centers on May 26, 199 1. By December 1991, more than 400,000 barrels of oil per day were being produced from the rehabilitated facilities. By April 1993, more than 11,000,000 barrels of weathered crude had been reclaimed from oil pits and lakes, and processed through the field treatment centers and the refinery. By the end of June 1993, eighteen of the original centers were back in operation, with all the production goals achieved as scheduled. Operation Phase Accomplishments The work was conducted in fifty-five locations that included fields in the north of Kuwait on the border with Iraq, west and south of Kuwait on the borders with Saudi Arabia and Iraq, and in the refineries and loading facilities along the coast and offshore. Five hundred square miles of land were swept and cleared of unexploded ordnance. More than 23,000 pieces of explosive devices were destroyed by explosive ordnance disposal teams. Although all work areas were swept, the risk from undetectable ordnance was ever present and some fatalities did occur. More than 26,000 purchase orders and 300 major construction contracts and 650 equipment rental agreements were awarded during Phases I and I1 of the project. (A more normal project performed over the same time frame may have 4,000 to 6,000 purchase orders.) A complete communication system dedicated to the oil industry was installed that included twenty-three satellite telephone systems, 4,500 telephones, and 2,000 portable radios. A twenty-four-hour health care and safety program was established that included two helicopter medivac teams, a forty-bed hospital, a dental clinic, and a team of approximately 100 professional medical personnel on duty at seven medical stations. More than 5,800 pieces of field operating equipment ranging from the larger bulldozers, cranes, trucks, front-end loaders, and heavy industrial equipment to ambulances, pickup trucks, cars, buses, and other support vehicles were shipped to the job sites. These pieces of equipment were purchased from twelve different countries. A total of 742 aircraft and sea-going vessels were deployed to ship more than 520,000 tons of equipment and material to Kuwait in support of this project. Six full-service dining halls with catering support staff provided about 3,500,000 meals for the workers during the fire-fighting campaign and 10,000,000 meals during the reconstruction phase. Menus were established to cater to the different ethnic backgrounds. Provisions and housing for 12,000 manual and 2,000 non-manual Bechtel employees were provided. All of the members of project management and their support teams, over 200 design and engineering personnel and around 200 procurement, administration and subcontracts management teams, were resident in Kuwait. Construction of a number of permanent offices, workshops, warehouses, maintenance shops, and housing complexes for KOC was completed at the same time. Fire-fighting efforts originally involved the four major international teams of Boots Coots, Red Adair, Safety Boss, and Wild Well Control. They were later joined by an additional twenty-three teams from Kuwait, Iran, China, Hungary, Great Britain, France, Canada, Romania, and Russia. Four hundred kilometers of water and oil pipelines were installed during fire-fighting efforts. Water lines and pumping stations could deliver 25,000,000 gallons a day to fire sites. Each of 360 lagoons was excavated, lined, and filled with 1,000,000 gallons of water for use in fire-fighting. Drilling pads and access roads were constructed for 700 new and work over wells. Three-thousand kilometers of new flow lines were constructed. One-thousand kilometers of new and refurbished pipelines were installed. Fifteen crude gathering centers, including a totally new and modularized early production facility, were assessed, designed, and constructed. Three gas booster stations were constructed Restoration and reconstruction of the marine loading terminals, offshore terminals, and SPM were completed. Construction of more than 10,000,000 barrels of new crude oil storage tankage was managed. Restoration of overhead and underground electrical power transmission and distribution system and cathodic protection system within the oil fields was completed. Construction repair and operation of water systems (fresh, brackish, and salt water) were completed. Construction and operation of oil recovery systems and facilities that collected and treated more than 25,000,000 barrels of weathered crude were completed.

Religion Fades :: essays research papers fc

I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Overview events of the time period   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Shogun period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Meiji period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Actions of Commodore Perry  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Sino and Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. II. The Edo (Shogun) rule 1608-1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The takeover   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. how they came into rule   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. the battle of Sekigahara   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. the expulsion of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. The beginning of the end   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Political pressure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. crushing debt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. civilian suspicions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. the coup coup de gras   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. unfair treaty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. how he landed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Perry fooled into seing a mere lord   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. final blow D. Religious effects   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Buddhism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Shintoism IV. The Meiji restoration 1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The new style   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. more open to western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Wanted to go to the West and see what it was like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. problems starting up   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Satsuma rebellions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. mopping up the last little samurai outbreaks B. The government   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. freedom of religion/Christianity un-banned   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. religious figures and traditional samurai lose power   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Modern state end of feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. constitution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. wanted new technology desperately   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. railroads built   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. army formed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. navy formed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Sino and Russo Japanese wars because of Japans new expansion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Compare and contrast   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Enclosed self supporting traditional-Modern expansionist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Feudal vs. V. Sino (1894) and Russo (1904) Japanese wars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Sino Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Korea   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Japan wanted its resources as their own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. guess what, so did China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. Like siblings fighting over a cute dog, they left it up to Korea.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. Korea did not decide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  e. representatives on both sides were killed, WAR   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  f. of course no one listens to religious council and try to use words  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Manchuria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Both countries want control over Manchuria’s resources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. Russian government was weak but had a strong army.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Russian revolution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Russia was dangerously close to a revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. The leaders thought that they could suppress it by winning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. they lost VI. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. restate thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. B. review of reasons and causes of the fade of religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Arrival of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Fall out of power for religious class   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Conclusions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Religion did fall victim to the new influences   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. New gov. =less privileges for religion and less decision making   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Religion Fades Near the middle of the 1800’s Japan’s government of over 200 years was crumbling. The shoguns were rapidly falling out of power and a rebellion was brewing that would bring about Japan’s new Meiji government. Religion Fades :: essays research papers fc I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Overview events of the time period   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Shogun period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Meiji period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Actions of Commodore Perry  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Sino and Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. II. The Edo (Shogun) rule 1608-1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The takeover   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. how they came into rule   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. the battle of Sekigahara   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. the expulsion of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. The beginning of the end   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Political pressure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. crushing debt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. civilian suspicions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. the coup coup de gras   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. unfair treaty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. how he landed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Perry fooled into seing a mere lord   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. final blow D. Religious effects   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Buddhism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Shintoism IV. The Meiji restoration 1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The new style   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. more open to western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Wanted to go to the West and see what it was like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. problems starting up   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Satsuma rebellions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. mopping up the last little samurai outbreaks B. The government   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. freedom of religion/Christianity un-banned   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. religious figures and traditional samurai lose power   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Modern state end of feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. constitution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. wanted new technology desperately   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. railroads built   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. army formed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. navy formed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Sino and Russo Japanese wars because of Japans new expansion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Compare and contrast   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Enclosed self supporting traditional-Modern expansionist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Feudal vs. V. Sino (1894) and Russo (1904) Japanese wars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Sino Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Korea   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Japan wanted its resources as their own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. guess what, so did China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. Like siblings fighting over a cute dog, they left it up to Korea.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. Korea did not decide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  e. representatives on both sides were killed, WAR   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  f. of course no one listens to religious council and try to use words  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Manchuria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Both countries want control over Manchuria’s resources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. Russian government was weak but had a strong army.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Russian revolution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Russia was dangerously close to a revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. The leaders thought that they could suppress it by winning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. they lost VI. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. restate thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. B. review of reasons and causes of the fade of religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Arrival of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Fall out of power for religious class   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Conclusions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Religion did fall victim to the new influences   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. New gov. =less privileges for religion and less decision making   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Religion Fades Near the middle of the 1800’s Japan’s government of over 200 years was crumbling. The shoguns were rapidly falling out of power and a rebellion was brewing that would bring about Japan’s new Meiji government.

City Life Essay

Hello! I have a request for you to give me a feedback on my essay. Thanks in advance. Essay on city life see more:city living vs country living The migration from the countryside to city areas is merely a new phenomenon. This is a historic transformation on a global scale that consists of village culture being rapidly replaced by urban culture. Nowadays more than half of the world’s population lives in the cities. The majority of the people migrate of the better employment opportunities, the medical and educational facilities but there are also other reasons like the fun attractions of city life. City life is far more interesting and appealing to young people than rural life with its theaters, cinemas, night clubs, restaurants, shopping centers, places where you can practice some sport and get a professional to help you out with it and all sorts of other things you can imagine. Nevertheless urban life has its disadvantages too.Those ensue from the fact that inevitably life becomes more and more rapid in the city and that results in the way people act. They walk through life hurriedly without noticing the important things in life that are family and nature. They become more and more distant and loose their way to nature which leads to more and more medical conditions ensued by withdrawing from nature. Life in our cities will become more perturbed in the future. The main problem will be overpopulation therefore the streets will become crowded with people, it will take hours to get anywhere. Even if the traveling issues are solved overpopulation will result in many homeless people because there isn’t enough space for everybody even if skyscrapers are built to the sky. Other than that new technologies will develop even more and make life easier than today. In conclusion city life is very appealing but its developing rates are harmful for man’s survival and future. Future generations will have to solve this problem.

An Overview of Early Childhood Education

An Overview of Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Education is a term that refers to educational programs and strategies geared toward children from birth to the age of eight. This time period is widely considered the most vulnerable and crucial stage of a persons life. Early childhood education often focuses on guiding children to learn through play. The term commonly  refers to preschool or infant/child care programs. Early Childhood Education Philosophies Learning through play is a common teaching philosophy for young children. Jean Piaget developed the PILES theme to meet the physical, intellectual, language, emotional and social needs of children. Piagets constructivist theory emphasizes hands-on educational experiences, giving children the chance to explore and manipulate objects. Children in preschool learn both academic and social-based lessons. They prepare for school by learning letters, numbers, and how to write. They also learn sharing, cooperation, taking turns, and operating within a structured environment. Scaffolding in Early Childhood Education The  scaffolding method of teaching  is to offer more structure and support when a child is learning a new concept. The child may be taught something new by employing things they already know how to do. As in a scaffold that supports a building project, these supports can then be removed as the child learns the skill. This method is meant to build confidence while learning. Early Childhood Education Careers Careers in early childhood and education include: Preschool Teacher: These teachers work with children ages three to five who are not yet in kindergarten. The educational requirements vary by state. Some require only a high school diploma and a certification, while others require a four-year degree.Kindergarten Teacher: This position may be with a public or private school and may require a degree and certification, depending on the state.Teacher for First, Second, and Third Grades: These elementary school positions are considered to be part of early childhood education. They teach a full range basic academic subjects to a class rather than specializing. A bachelors degree is required and a certification may be needed, depending on the state.Teacher Assistant or Paraeducator: The assistant works in the classroom under the direction of the lead teacher. Often they work with one or more students at a time. This position often does not require a degree.Childcare Worker: Nannies, babysitters, and workers at childcare centers usually perf orm basic duties such as feeding and bathing in addition to play and activities that may be mentally stimulating. An associates degree in early childhood development or a credential may result in a higher salary. Childcare Center Administrator: The director of a childcare facility may be required by a state to have a bachelors degree in Early Childhood Education or a certification in Child Development. This position trains and supervises the staff as well as performing the administrative duties of the facility.Special Education Teacher: This position often requires additional certification beyond that for a teacher. The special education teacher would work with children who have special needs, including mental, physical, and emotional challenges.

The statement that maps are never value-free images Essay Example

The statement that maps are never value The statement that maps are never value-free images Essay The statement that maps are never value-free images Essay Essay Topic: Claim Of Value History Maps are never value-free images except in the narrowest sense that they are not n themselves either true or false. They are selective in their content and in their styles and signs of representation. Maps are a way of articulating the human world which is affected by particular sets of social relations. Political, social and religious powers have used maps to depict the extent and strength of their power. Mapmaking was one of the specialised intellectual weapons by which power could be gained, given legitimacy, administered and codified. Maps have been weapons of imperialism as much as guns, maps were used in colonial promotion and lands were claimed on paper even before they were occupied. Therefore maps anticipated empire, they were used to legitimise the reality of conquest and empire and helped essentially to create myths. Maps were also used throughout history by the state or individual landlords to show their ownership of property and control a peasant or tenant population and for the regulation of land and extraction of taxes. The maps invisibly affected the daily lives of people just as the clock brought in time discipline, maps brought and new dimension to space discipline. Maps are embedded in the history they help construct. While the western way of viewing maps has become the norm, with Europe in the located in the centre, there have been many other approaches in viewing the world. For example Australian cartographers have a different perspective, they had Australia centred and at the top of the map. Even Arab cartographers of the twelfth century viewed the world differently, and their maps today would appear upside down to us. The main problem in drawing maps is transforming a 3-dimensional world into a 2-dimensional representation as the result is distortion. The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries saw the Mercator projection. The main use to which Mercators maps were put was in navigation, so coastlines are the most accurately rendered features, his projection but did however distort the area. Particular parts of the world such as the north looked territorially bigger and therefore more powerful; North America looks much bigger than Africa for example. Europe is also centre on this projection, it is the navel of the world, and has an appearance of being rather large and superior. An alternative view of the world is presented in the Peters projection. The aim of the Peters projection is to represent area with maximum accuracy, it preserves area but at the expensive of the shapes of the landmasses becoming elongated and severely distorted. Deliberate distortions of map content have been used throughout history for political purposes. Behind the mapmaker is a set of power relations and by manipulating scale, over-enlarging or moving topography or by using strong, suggestive colours, makers of propaganda maps have been a cause of the one sided view of geopolitical politics. Many wars have been fought as much in the contents of propaganda maps as through any other medium. Maps show as much as they hide, the cartographer is essentially the author and they have the power to represent what they believe to be important or essential on the map. Also their name is usually hidden so that the map assumes as air of accuracy and objectivity. Monmonier states that not only is it easy to lie with maps, it is essential, maps have to omit certain details as it is not possible to include everything on a map and it to be still legible. Maps therefore simplify and the cartographer chooses the selected features that are to be presented on it so as to point us to a way of reading it. Silences on maps exert a social influence through their omissions as much as through the features they depict and emphasise. There is an important political undercurrent in these silences. For example nuclear waste dumps are not shown on USGS topographical maps, so as not to cause the government embarrassment. In early modern maps castle signs representing military of feudal rank appeared larger than villages despite the fact they occupy less ground. Their purpose was to heighten their perception of power. Maps are never value-free images they construct rather than represent the world; they are a unique system of signs and are undermined by certain ideologies. The cartographer may also be biased in his choice of what is represented on the map and he is usually influenced by certain power relations. Maps cannot simply be taken for face value and one must be aware of what they do not say as much as what they do, in order to fully appreciate their power to manipulate.

Interpreting Statistics and Political Polls

Interpreting Statistics and Political Polls At any given time throughout a political campaign, the media may want to know what the public at large thinks about policies or candidates. One solution would be to ask everyone who they would vote for. This would be costly, time-consuming and infeasible. Another way to determine voter preference is to use a statistical sample. Rather than ask every voter to state his or her preference in candidates, polling research companies poll a relatively small number of people who their favorite candidate is. The members of the statistical sample help to determine the preferences of the entire population. There are good polls and not so good polls, so it is important to ask the following questions when reading any results. Who Was Polled? A candidate makes his or her appeal to the voters because the voters are the ones who cast ballots. Consider the following groups of people: AdultsRegistered votersLikely voters To discern the mood of the public any of these groups may be sampled. However, if the intent of the poll is to predict the winner of an election, the sample should be comprised of registered voters or likely voters. The political composition of the sample sometimes plays a role in interpreting poll results. A sample consisting entirely of registered Republicans would not be good if someone wanted to ask a question about the electorate at large. Since the electorate rarely breaks into 50% registered Republicans and 50% registered Democrats, even this type of sample may not be the best to use. When Was the Poll Conducted? Politics can be fast paced. Within a matter of days, an issue arises, alters the political landscape, then is forgotten by most when some new issue surfaces. What people were talking about on Monday sometimes seems to be a distant memory when Friday comes. News runs faster than ever, however, good polling takes the time to conduct. Major events can take several days to show up in poll results. The dates when a poll was conducted should be noted to determine if current events have had time to affect the numbers of the poll. What Methods Were Used? Suppose that Congress is considering a bill that deals with gun control. Read the following two scenarios and ask which is more likely to accurately determine the public sentiment. A blog asks its readers to click on a box to show their support of the bill. A total of 5000 participate and there is overwhelming rejection of the bill.A polling firm randomly calls 1000 registered voters and asks them about their support of the bill. The firm finds that their respondents are more or less evenly split for and against the bill. Although the first poll has more respondents, they are self-selected. It is likely that the people who would participate are those who have strong opinions. It could even be that the readers of the blog are very like-minded in their opinions (perhaps it is a blog about hunting). The second sample is random, and an independent party has selected the sample. Even though the first poll has a larger sample size, the second sample would be better. How Large Is the Sample? As the discussion above shows, a poll with a larger sample size is not necessarily the better poll. On the other hand, a sample size may be too small to state anything meaningful about public opinion. A random sample of 20 likely voters is too small to determine the direction that the entire U.S. population is leaning on an issue. But how large should the sample be? Associated with the size of the sample is the margin of error. The larger the sample size, the smaller the margin of error. Surprisingly, sample sizes as small as 1000 to 2000 are typically used for polls such as Presidential approval, whose margin of error is within a couple of percentage points. The margin of error could be made as small as desired by using a larger sample, however, this would require a higher cost to conduct the poll. Bringing It All Together The answers to the above questions should help in assessing the accuracy of results in political polls. Not all polls are created equally, and often details are buried in footnotes or omitted entirely in news articles that quote the poll. Thats why its important to be informed on how a poll was designed.

Reflection on Interview Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection on Interview Paper - Assignment Example For this interview that I have selected, I believe that my understanding and information regarding Shell would benefit me in case if someone would ask me anything related to the company. It is highly important to know your potential organization in order to avoid any embarrassment. This would create a negative image of yourself and of your personality on the minds of your employers. Therefore, I tend to appear as a knowledgeable and informative person when it comes on knowing your employers. This would also enable you to appear confident that you know each and everything in detail about your employers. How Well I Have Answered The Questions: It is not right to say that I have answered all the questions in the right manner. I believe that your answer should be appropriate no matter if you have answered it in a right way or the wrong way. Your answers should reflect your personality, your thinking and your professional approach. I think I would have answered Question 4 (How do you work under pressure) in a more detailed manner. My answer should be: â€Å"I enjoy working in a challenging yet, stimulating environment. Time management and prioritizing responsibilities are the key factors in effectively managing your work under extreme pressure and stress. When managing with stress and pressure, I believe that panicking is not the right attitude. I enjoy challenges as they make you learn different things such as how to deal with stress, how to avoid pressure, you can come up with different solutions and develops a problem-solving attitude in you.† This shows my attitude, my personality, and my problem solving approach on my employers. However, it is necessary to be more descriptive with your answers where necessary rather than going for the shortest possible answers. Shorts answers can sometimes create a negative impact of your personality on the minds of your employers. However, try to be rational, show your confidence, be polite and just be yourself. I belie ve that a person should appear what he/ she is rather than acting what he/ she is not. Analyzing All the Answers to the Questions: Answer 1: â€Å"I find this company to be a leader in it is field so I apply for this job since it matches my skills and abilities .I feel that this position will enable me to demonstrate my abilities and skills and make a contribution in an area i have studied in and see my future career in.† Analysis: I could have made this question more informative. I would have added more information regarding the strengths of the company with my strengths just to show on the employers that my abilities and my skills have brought me at Shell; which is a multinational corporation with a huge employee capacity and strong market creditability. Answer 2: â€Å"I think you should choose me because this position offers me a chance to learn new things and be part of the wining organization.† Analysis:

Florida Immigration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Florida Immigration - Research Paper Example It is noticed that more than 8% of the workforce in Florida was constituted by the illegal immigrants in 2008. Natural calamities in Haiti too added much to the immigration burden of the state of Florida. The proposed Florida immigration bill attempts to curb illegal immigration by approaching it as a serious law and order problem than a socio-economic issue. The Fear Politics and the Fallibility of Cost-Benefit Analysis It is through a fear politics created by the right wing, illegal immigration issue comes to the forefront of policy making. There has never been more immigration to a country than it could afford. If more people come to Florida, even illegally, it means that there exist conditions for illegal immigrants to be here. It was independently testified by the business community in Florida, especially the sector of Agrarian businesses. And, importantly, the huge majority of the immigrants become successful in finding jobs and adapting the American way of life. In this contex t, it is quite astonishing to see even a theorist such as Huntington would argue that ‘in this new era, the single most immediate and most serious challenge to America's traditional identity comes from the immense and continuing immigration from Latin America, especially from Mexico, and the fertility rates of these immigrants compared to black and white American natives’ (Huntington, 2004, p.3). Therefore, at the heart of immigration debate, lies the hidden racism and xenophobia that our culture would be colonized from within by the alien culture of the illegal immigrant. This xenophobia, the fear politics generated from it is central in the discourse on immigration than supposed socio-economic issues and security matters. ‘Massive Hispanic immigration affects the United States in two significant ways: Important portions of the country become predominantly Hispanic in language and culture, and the nation as a whole becomes bilingual and bicultural’ thus wa rns Huntington (2004, p.7). This is nothing but eloquent and sophisticated articulation of fear of diversity and the negation of core values that constitute America. It is in this wider context, Arizona Immigration Bill and the replicated model of the Florida immigration bill came to existence. The Florida immigration bill has been hotly debated by both the civil society and policy makers in recent times. It is important to note that the current Florida Immigration Bill is stemmed from the more controversial Arizona Immigration Bill. Immigration, in the wider context, is an endemic problem in much of the western countries which are highly developed and industrialized. The United States of America has been at the receiving end of immigration issues from the end of Second World War itself. The rise of both legal and illegal immigration has sometimes developed into a national issue, especially the case of illegal immigration has much to do with other problems such as internal security and welfare distribution. Even the widespread recession in the United States has not resulted in any substantial decrease in the illegal immigration to the country. Arizona Immigration Bill was meant for countering the illegal immigration mainly through the Mexico border. Although the Florida peninsula is surrounded by water, it still experiences illegal immigrati

Competitive Advantage Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Competitive Advantage - Assignment Example It encompasses several aspects of a company's marketing tactics and strategies in building a strong competitive advantage that can secure the company's future. A competitive advantage is plainly a facet or capability of the organisation that it occupies or extends to the customers. For an organisational facet to form a 'competitive advantage', it needs to be unequalled in the market and not acquired by any other existing or upcoming competition in the market. This notion can also be translated in the words of Barney (2002, p9) as, "a firm experiences competitive advantages when its actions in an industry or market create economic value and when few competing firms are engaging in similar actions". Porter (1985, p3) explores the concept of competitive advantage as the capability of an organisation to create value for its customers in a way that procures more value to the customers than the competitors, he says, "Competitive advantage grows out of value a firm is able to create for its buyers that exceeds the firm's cost of creating it. Value is what buyers are willing to pay, and superior value stems from offering lower prices than competitors for equivalent benefits or providing unique benefits that more than offset a higher price. There are two basic types of competitive advantage: cost leadership and differentiation". Hence, a firm's competitive advantage has to be unique among all the other companies in the market. This implies that whatever company owns and provides to customers should have one or more differential aspect that can distinguish it form its competitors. Today, many organisations engage in providing almost same kind of products to a specific range of products. Consequently, the customers need to choose between a lot of options with slight distinction to satisfy their needs and problems. For a firm to win more customers than its competitors and sustain them in the long run, it needs to offer its customers something that is not being currently offered in the market. For instance, a different product with enhanced value, a courteous and friendly workforce, a well-known company image, and a breakthrough in technology helpful in satisfying customers in a much better way than the competitors. The customers would only be willing to buy the company's product or even pay a higher price for it if there's something in the product or service being by the company that the customers perceive to be valuable or different in satisfying their needs than other products in the market. The more the customers perceive the product to be valuable, the more the opportunity for the company to remain successful in the long run. The upcoming section of the paper investigates into some of the aspects of a company's marketing tactics and manoeuvres that could be utilised towards the achievement of a competitive advantage. Winning Customer Satisfaction, Loyalty And Trust Firms consistently endeavour to attain the mellowest possible levels of customer satisfaction and retention to survive in the modern competitive business arena. It is a factor that rightfully approximates a company's emplacement in the competitive market. If the customers are satisfied, the company is likely to be successful; otherwise it is doomed to be obscure in the future

Leadership Application Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership Application Project - Essay Example Leadership By Example We have read or heard people who have etched their name in history books as a great leader of their time, whether in fame or notoriety. People like Moses in the Bible, Churchill and Hitler during the World War II or Obama and Bin Laden in the 21st century have captured the imagination of the world. They were leaders on their own right, whether chosen by their people or self proclaimed themselves. There are so many types of leadership: charismatic, participative, situational, transactional, transformational, quiet, and servant. What do these people have that they have so many followers? What are their traits? Do they have maxims they earnestly follow? For this project, we will try to look into the style of leadership which an individual can follow which will eventually make him/her a good leader. Firstly, let’s define what leadership is, according to Northouse (2007)â€Å"Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objecti ve and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent† (p. 3) in simple term, it is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal or objective. There is a notion that leaders are born rather than made. On the contrary, leaders are made through knowledge and skills which is called â€Å"Process Leadership† by Jago, 1982. Jago added that we have traits that can influence our actions which he termed as â€Å"Trait Leadership†. When we are task to lead people, we will be confronted on how to strategize them to follow what we have initially planned, in order to achieve our goal. In this case, we choose the leadership by example because study shows this is what the great leaders demonstrated in achieving their objectives. As Mahatma Gandhi once said â€Å"You must be the change you wish to see in the world.† It is not from another person that we rely for an answer to our problem, it should come from us. No matter our position or role maybe we can take the initiative and make the decision to show the way for others. I would like to cite a simple case in a family. The father, usually the breadwinner, who will take care of the basic needs of the family, that is, food, shelter and clothing. If the father remiss his duty-bound responsibilities because of his irresponsible attitude and unsound decisions, he will not gain support worse respect from his children and spouse. The father should be a role model to his children by leading by example. By showing that you care for their well-being and have an open communication, these two traits alone will work effectively in the family. How do we correlate this in an organization or a big corporation? In a setting where a leader plays a vital role to accomplish an organization’s objectives, he/she should have the traits, skills and knowledge necessary to perform his/her assigned task effectively. A classic example of a perso n balancing family and corporate affairs effectively is psychologist Lily Kelly-Radford, a vice-president of the prominent nonprofit Center for Creative Leadership (CCL). As quoted by Deborah Smith Bailey, Kelly-Radford says â€Å"if you’re good at what you do, take self-care measures and get creative about integrating your work and family life, you can be a successful leader and fulfill personal obligations† (Monitor Staff). She had an extensive experience in teaching and private consulting prior

Management - Business Simulations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management - Business Simulations - Essay Example The month end bank balance of ?7687 is decent enough to start with and is sufficient to meet the immediate cash needs as compared to the level of business activity. The slightly higher fixed costs of ?826 are indicative of the initial spending in research and networking which is absolutely crucial at this stage to take the business into the future. This is a step in the right direction at this stage. There is a net loss of ?778 and at this stage it is quite expected as the sales effort starts showing results only after some time. Besides, from the Time spent breakup (Appendix 1.2), it seems that the sales effort is greater than the overall marketing effort at this stage, since building cash inflow is a priority at this stage. The idle time shows that here is pressure to build up business and this is translated into sales activity which is more action oriented than the marketing activity. The same trend continues in February and is depicted in March ’13 report. In March’ 13, the bank balance is more or less maintained, indicative of even cash inflows and outflows. However, the expenditure and time on the marketing and product research activities shows an increase. The customer research and competition research is complete and the product redesign based on the research has been completed y this time. The business breaks even in the month of March 13 which is shown in the April 13. The bank balance is maintained and the business shows strong growth signs. The sales are increasing and the bank balance is building up with increase in new orders. The production time is increasing and the idle time is decreasing. The business has made a small profit of ?45. However, this trend is reverted the very next month owing to higher overheads in terms of spending business website. The website though a cost, is the right decision at the right time for the business, since, an online presence with the traditional marketing as well as supply chain management methods was hugely complemented by the same. Since at this time, the number of sales enquiries from traditional marketing methods is too low to sustain the business (Appendix1.3). The sales effort and its effectiveness has been maintained and is evident from the fact that the product stock at the end of the month is zero for a considerable period of time that is from Jan’ 13 to Feb’14. This apart from sales effort is also indicative of good inventory planning. However, by month May 13, due to lack of orders, the production capacity was idle for the most part. The scenario seems to be a result of overemphasis on research and planning at the expense of sales effort in recent past. The management was advised to give some more focus to the core activity of selling. This showed some result in the very next month, when the orders from previous month exceeded an amount of ?2870 and this is where the business starts making profit on a sustainable basis. The production capacity is util ized to a great extent and the idle time minimized. The growth in profit continues and by August, the production targets are being met. The Marketing team was advised to work out the possibilities of a long term business opportunity. The effort showed results in the form of the first customer contract by August 13 (Appendix 1.4). By September

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 22

Interview - Essay Example Answering the question was challenge because I expected to write about law. I revealed my state of lack of information concerning the question. His response was that there were many commonalities across the different types of law. He noted that for relevance, one should specialize in one of them, for instance, the criminal environment, the civil rights, and others. I stuck to my generalized approach, which the professor agreed. The first question I asked the professor was what kind of experience he had gained that are useful in his writings. He answered by telling me that experience gives writes a part of the story to tell the readers. He said that a writer has to be extremely relevant, which is why experience counts. He elaborated his life at the University where he was a member of the law editorial column of the school’s magazine. Experience formed a core of his writings because it quotes precise parts of both the federal and state legislations. He said that he needed to be as relevant as possible to the law so that his perspective may appeal to the readers. In answering the question, I learned that he meant that the practice of legal writing is not a creative writing, but a factual field with lots of criticism. What the professor had learned in life was a crucial element of his works. The next question, which I asked was if there was any limitation to the type of writing especially in style and thematic concerns. Mr. Weisberg replied that there were limitations of course to the themes and style of writing. He alluded to the lack of creative perspectives to legal writings. He said that the authors in such fields should stick to what is factual and not speculated of fictional. For instance, the authors should stick to the legal vocabulary because of its complexity. According to the professor, the legal vocabulary is so complex that even the lawyers have to keep referring to a continued relevance. He

Leadership Application Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership Application Project - Essay Example Leadership By Example We have read or heard people who have etched their name in history books as a great leader of their time, whether in fame or notoriety. People like Moses in the Bible, Churchill and Hitler during the World War II or Obama and Bin Laden in the 21st century have captured the imagination of the world. They were leaders on their own right, whether chosen by their people or self proclaimed themselves. There are so many types of leadership: charismatic, participative, situational, transactional, transformational, quiet, and servant. What do these people have that they have so many followers? What are their traits? Do they have maxims they earnestly follow? For this project, we will try to look into the style of leadership which an individual can follow which will eventually make him/her a good leader. Firstly, let’s define what leadership is, according to Northouse (2007)â€Å"Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objecti ve and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent† (p. 3) in simple term, it is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal or objective. There is a notion that leaders are born rather than made. On the contrary, leaders are made through knowledge and skills which is called â€Å"Process Leadership† by Jago, 1982. Jago added that we have traits that can influence our actions which he termed as â€Å"Trait Leadership†. When we are task to lead people, we will be confronted on how to strategize them to follow what we have initially planned, in order to achieve our goal. In this case, we choose the leadership by example because study shows this is what the great leaders demonstrated in achieving their objectives. As Mahatma Gandhi once said â€Å"You must be the change you wish to see in the world.† It is not from another person that we rely for an answer to our problem, it should come from us. No matter our position or role maybe we can take the initiative and make the decision to show the way for others. I would like to cite a simple case in a family. The father, usually the breadwinner, who will take care of the basic needs of the family, that is, food, shelter and clothing. If the father remiss his duty-bound responsibilities because of his irresponsible attitude and unsound decisions, he will not gain support worse respect from his children and spouse. The father should be a role model to his children by leading by example. By showing that you care for their well-being and have an open communication, these two traits alone will work effectively in the family. How do we correlate this in an organization or a big corporation? In a setting where a leader plays a vital role to accomplish an organization’s objectives, he/she should have the traits, skills and knowledge necessary to perform his/her assigned task effectively. A classic example of a perso n balancing family and corporate affairs effectively is psychologist Lily Kelly-Radford, a vice-president of the prominent nonprofit Center for Creative Leadership (CCL). As quoted by Deborah Smith Bailey, Kelly-Radford says â€Å"if you’re good at what you do, take self-care measures and get creative about integrating your work and family life, you can be a successful leader and fulfill personal obligations† (Monitor Staff). She had an extensive experience in teaching and private consulting prior

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 22

Interview - Essay Example Answering the question was challenge because I expected to write about law. I revealed my state of lack of information concerning the question. His response was that there were many commonalities across the different types of law. He noted that for relevance, one should specialize in one of them, for instance, the criminal environment, the civil rights, and others. I stuck to my generalized approach, which the professor agreed. The first question I asked the professor was what kind of experience he had gained that are useful in his writings. He answered by telling me that experience gives writes a part of the story to tell the readers. He said that a writer has to be extremely relevant, which is why experience counts. He elaborated his life at the University where he was a member of the law editorial column of the school’s magazine. Experience formed a core of his writings because it quotes precise parts of both the federal and state legislations. He said that he needed to be as relevant as possible to the law so that his perspective may appeal to the readers. In answering the question, I learned that he meant that the practice of legal writing is not a creative writing, but a factual field with lots of criticism. What the professor had learned in life was a crucial element of his works. The next question, which I asked was if there was any limitation to the type of writing especially in style and thematic concerns. Mr. Weisberg replied that there were limitations of course to the themes and style of writing. He alluded to the lack of creative perspectives to legal writings. He said that the authors in such fields should stick to what is factual and not speculated of fictional. For instance, the authors should stick to the legal vocabulary because of its complexity. According to the professor, the legal vocabulary is so complex that even the lawyers have to keep referring to a continued relevance. He

The Lesson of Easter Island Essay Example for Free

The Lesson of Easter Island Essay Bill Gaede once said, â€Å"Science is not about making predictions or performing experiments. Science is about explaining (Goodreads, 2012).† This paper will convey an explanation, based on scientific method, on how the people of Easter Island shattered their island leaving only a small percentage of people to live there. Easter Island is remotely located in the Pacific Ocean. The island is about 1,395 miles from the nearest populated island. When the European explorers reached the island in 1722 they found a desolate landscape with less than 2,000 people existing there. They noticed that the inhabitants lived in caves and had a very limited supply of crops. Who could miss the gigantic statues carved out of stone? This was evidence that there was refined civilization that once lived there. After searching the island and taking survey of what were still here, questions then arise. How did the people of this island transport these statues that stood 33 feet tall, and weighed up to 99 tons as far as 6.2 miles from where they were constructed in the quarries to the coastal sites where they were positioned? What happened to the people who once populated this island? Who were these people, culture, nationality and traditions? Last but not least, where were all the trees and vegetation that once occupied this island? The first hypothesis the researchers considered was the forest was lost because of climate change, but evidence quickly pointed to the hypothesis that the people had gradually destroyed their own island. Researchers predicted that the trees provided fuel wood, building material for houses and canoes, fruit to eat, fiber for clothing, and presumably logs to move the stone statues. Several anthropologists experimentally tested hypotheses by hiring groups of men to recreate the act of moving the statues from the quarries to the coastline. They used an abundant supply of tree trunks as rollers or sleds along with enormous quantities of rope. The only place to find the rope was from the fibrous inner bark of the Hauhau tree which is near extinction  today. With the trees gone, rain would have eroded the soil away. This was confirmed by the data from the lake bottoms. With the erosion taking place the islander’s agricultural land would have lowered yields of bananas, sugar cane, and sweet potatoes leading to starvation and population decline. As a result of the anthropologists and researchers experiments they were able to come to the conclusion that the islanders turned against one another. Confirmation supports such circumstances of environmental deprivation and culture decline. Study of 6,500 bones has shown at least 31 species of birds nested on Easter Island and served as food source. Today only one native bird species is left. Also as resources declined the islanders began keeping their main domesticated animals in fortresses with stone entrances designed to prevent theft. War fell upon the island and the proof was uncovered when the researchers unearthed weapons, skeletons, and skulls with head wounds. The entire world should be able to learn form the mistakes of the people of Easter Island. If we don’t preserve our environment by recycling, saving trees, and protecting land we will be forced to face the same doom as the islanders. Everyone want to urbanize their cities and towns but the community don’t take in account that if they cut down too many trees it can hurt the environment in more than one way. Natural resources are important and if we don’t protect them we may as well prepare for dooms day and only the strong will survive. References Goodreads. (2012, Fall). Quotes About Scientific Method. Retrieved from http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/scientific-method Withgott, J., Brennan, S. (2009). Essential Environment (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Pearson Education.

Myspace Is A Social Networking Music Media Essay

Myspace Is A Social Networking Music Media Essay 1.0 INTRODUCTION In 2003, MySpace began. It was created by a small group of programmers who already had work in eUniverse, MySpace has grown by leaps and bounds. MySpace soon became one of the largest online companies. It was all due to the dream of Thomas Anderson and some of his friend who was members of Friendster and already had everything they needed to get started and create MySpace. In July 2005, MySpace was bought out by Rupert Murdochs News Corp. They changed the companys name to Intermix Media. News Corp is owned by Fox Broadcasting. Later, in 2006, Fox launched a UK version of MySpace. They successful attempt at adding the UK music scene to MySpace. Later they also release MySpace in other country. Currently, MySpace head office is in California. They are in the same building as Fox Interactive Media. They only have 300 people working for them, but they have gain over 200,000 new users everyday and have over 100 million users worldwide. Nowadays, MySpace is considered as a social networking website that provides us a highly personalized experience in entertainment. Besides that, MySpace also helps to connect music, celebrities, TV, movies and the game that we love. MySpace is easy and convenient for every user. It is similar to Friendster which allows their users to pick or build their favorite theme themselves. Furthermore, MySpace also allows users to upload their video, music, photo and other else that they want to share with other MySpace users. Games are also provided for users. There are many different kinds of games in MySpace. Some of the MySpace users expand their social network through MySpace. Some of them also use MySpace to connect with their long-distance friends. In short, MySpace is a social networking website that is very convenient to us. We can play game, watch video, hear music and do other things in MySpace. 2.0 MySpace Music Music is MySpaces territory. There have huge of artist and band pages. Some artists have millions of friends and the pages allow streaming music, artist control over the look and feel of the site and etc. MySpace also have  music streaming, playlists, downloads, merchandise sales, ring tones and other features.  (Facebook v. MySpace in the U.S. Market: The Music  Factor, Michael Arrington, Aug 22, 2008) MySpace Music is allowed users to search their favourite music by city. Besides that, MySpace users are allow to download music, link to news articles, and concert information and musician advertisement on MySpace Music website. MySpace creator, Anderson, makes no distinctions about talent level. He allowed anyone with music that can be downloaded can post on MySpace Music. (Website looks to get the word out about Pittsburgh musicians, By  Rege Behe, PITTSBURGH TRIBUNE-REVIEW Friday, February 25, 2011) 3.0 ARTISTS Artist is a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination. They have their own official profile in MySpace. Their official profile is allowing MySpace users to know their recently situation. 3.1 How To Search The Favorite Artist Step 1: For those who already had their MySpace account, go into MySpace website (www.myspace.com) and login with your account. For those who dont have their MySpace account, go into MySpace and press sign-up. Step 2: No matter you are login or sign-up, you will enter your homepage. After that, you will see a bar on your top page, find the Music word, and click into it. Step 3: You will see a search box on your right hand side, type your favorite artist inside the box and press search. Step 4: Waiting your result come out. 3.2 The Results That I Searched Based on the topic, I had chosen the artist that I loved. I chose Britney Spears in this time. Britney Spears is my favorite artists all the time. She is an American recording artist and entertainer. I have followed the steps above to search the artists that I love. I found that is showing 3517 result for Britney Spears. In 3517 results, there were including artists, albums, songs and music videos results. For artists, there were 1000 results about Britney Spears. And the song, there were also 1000 results. Besides that, it had 526 results for the album and 1000 results for the music videos. The results just like the picture show on above. For artists part, I pressed the Most Relevant beside the artist results; I saw that had some related results about Britney Spears, but it was some only. I saw the Britney Spears official MySpace profile on the first and other was just a normal profile named Britney Spears. For songs part, I chose the Most Popular to find out what is the most popular Britney Spears song. As the results, I found that Britney Spears popular song was Womanizer, Circus, If You Seek Amy and other. The ranking was based on how many times does the song plays. Other side, I also chose Most Recent to find out what is the most recent song. The most recent song was based on the latest Britney Spears album. I found that had Circus, Lucky and etc. For the albums part, I chose Most Popular and Most Recent, but after I click in, I realize some of the album was not about Britney Spears. After that, I chose Most Relevant to find out Britney Spears album. There had Britney, Circus, Blackout and other albums. There had a Buy Album button under the all of the albums. We can download the album songs from MySpace to iTunes or Amazon MP3 and it cost $7.99 per album. For the music videos part, I click Most Popular to find out what is the most popular video. I found that some of the video was not about Britney Spears MV and some was some people recorded and posted the video that they sang. After that, I chose Most Recent. I found the result almost not Britney Spears MV. Therefore, I chose Most Relevant, I can see that most of the Britney Spears MV was found. There were Hold It against Me, Gimme More and etc. 3.3 Visit Britney Spears Profile I visited Britney Spears official MySpace profile, and I saw above of the profile, there had Britney Spears status. It will update what does Britney Spears done recently and let all MySpace users know her situation. Besides that, I found Britney Spears has 706989 friends on MySpace. She had so many friends because when we add her as a friend, the system will approve us automatically. But compare to some top artists, such like Eminem, Britney Spears not much more than him. I also found there were 925 people like this profile on Facebook. It might be used for promote Britney Spears MySpace page on Facebook. On the general info there, there had some details such as last login, profile views, records label, type of label and etc. It is give some general information to those who visited her profile. After that, I followed the step as the picture on my left. I went into the Music page and click Featured. I saw that had some songs on the playlist such as Till the World End, Hold It against Me, 3 and etc. Those songs put on featured playlist were the recommended songs. The songs those in featured playlist were recommended by Britney Spears. It might be some songs took from her albums as a theme song to promote her albums. For example, the Hold It against Me album, Britney Spears chose the song named Hold It against Me as her album theme song. But some of the songs in featured playlist are not exactly the theme song of the album. It might be the nice songs in her album. After searching the songs, I search the featured video. I followed the step in the picture on my left, click Videos. I found that already had a featured video when I came inside the page. The featured video is Hold It against me. This music video just came out recently. It was Britney Spears new album music video. Britney Spears had recommended her new album music video to all users of MySpace. Besides that, we can follow the video. When you follow the video, it is mean that you already like the video. The result of how many people like this video will show under the video. Other, you also can share this video on Facebook by click to all Facebook users. 4.0 PLAYLIST Playlist is a collection of songs from a music library created by users. MySpace also allow all users of MySpace to create their own playlist. 4.1 How To Create Playlist It might have some ways to create playlist. The proper way had shown as below: Step 1: Login into MySpace. After that, click My Stuff. Step 2: You will see Create Playlist. Click it. Follow the picture on above Step 3: Click the Add New Playlist, type your playlist name and press OK. Step 4: Your playlist have been done. The other way to create playlist is find the song that you want. You will see a + button, click it. After that, a box will come out. If you want to create a playlist and add the song into the new playlist, click Create a playlist, and type your playlist name inside. Then, click Add. Your playlist have been created. 4.2 Add Song To Playlist It is so easy to add song into the playlist. It might have some ways. The easier way was after you create a playlist, just searched the song that you want on the search box. Your results will be shown. After that, drag or drop the song that you want into the playlist. The other way to add songs into the playlist was you just saw the song that you want, click the song. You will see a + button, press it. After that, an Add to playlist box will come out. Choose the album that you want add into, then click Add. Beside these two ways, it also might have other ways to add song into playlist. Add song to playlist, it will let MySpace users easier to find the songs to hear that already save in playlist. 4.3 Edit Playlist After you created a music playlist on MySpace, you might need to edit it some times. Up to your playlist, it might have somethings can change. For example, you can change your playlist name through press the name of playlist, then edit it.Besides that, you also might add some description on the playlist to dsicribe the playlist that you created. There were also have three buttons named Share Playlist, Buy Playlist and Make Private to let you choose. Share Playlist can let you share your playlist to MySpace itself, Facebook, Twitter and Digg. The Buy Playlist was allow us to buy playlist which created by ourself. The prices were depends on how many songs we add into our playlist. Last, there was a button named Make Private. After you click that button, you will not share your playlist to MySpace, Facebook, Twitter or Digg. The playlist just can play by your own MySpace account. In additional, you will also can delete songs which you dont want in the playlist. It was so easy to delete. You just need to click a x button behine the song name. Then the song will delete. You can just see the picture as below. 5.0 SAFETY TIPS MySpace is a lifestyle social networking that contain over millions of peoples. All of the users in MySpace include you and me are playing a very important role in keeping the community safe. Safety Tips is a webpage in MySpace that helping us to know how all MySpace users can keep safe while playing social networking like MySpace. On this page, you will find some safety information, tips and some resources to navigate online communities. MySpace promise that to keep MySpace users safe online through unique safety features and technology, partnerships with safety organizations and law enforcement, and our support of new laws that will nurture the growth of online safety tools, education and research. 5.1 For Parents and Educators Millions of people are using MySpace. Some of them are teenagers. They have their own personal MySpace profile. As a parent or educator, you may worry about what do teenagers do with MySpace. Do they safety while playing MySpace? There are a lots of question might be come out from parents and educators. For parents and educators, MySpace have already set some rules and regulations for teenagers. For those teenagers who want to register a MySpace account, must be at least 13 years old. Those teenagers are below 13 years old are not permitted to register. MySpace provide this rule because those teenagers are below 13 years old is not mature. They dont have analysis skill to analyse what can learn and what they cant learn. In additional, MySpace also will automatically assign a Private Profile for those users are below 18 years old. Private Profile means that only account users will know their last name or email address can contact them or view their profile. This information will not show to other MySpace users. MySpace needs to protect some teenagers are below 18 years old. It is because their personal details might be stealing and contact with them. No matter how many rules and regulations that MySpace had set, parents and educators must keep looking on their child. It is because rules and regulations just have little helps. The most important is parents and educators must always communicate with their children. They need to talk with them always and ask what they doing with MySpace. 5.2 For Teenagers MySpace is a public space. It might have some stranger add you as friend. For teenagers, you might not put your contact number, house address and something easy to contact you in MySpace. It will let stranger easier to find you. Besides that, you also not take some harmful picture and those pictures with your uniform. It can cause stranger go your school to find you. Furthermore, teenagers might protect your privacy. Remember set your profile to private which lets only your friends can view your profile. Teenagers also might only accept friend invitations from people you know and trust. Moreover, if teenagers see those inappropriate contents, they should tell their parents or adults report these kinds of thing to MySpace. Inappropriate contents such as violence picture, sexual picture and etc. These  will affect the  thinking of  teenagers. Think before you post. Teenagers must think before what you have post on MySpace. When you uploaded something on MySpace, it can downloaded by someone else. Hence, teenagers might not post anything that they dont want show to other. 6.0 CONCLUSION MySpace is a social networking that provide us highly entertainment such as music, video, games and else. There had huge of people become MySpace members. MySpace created in 2003 until present. MySpace is similar with Friendster. Both of them also can let users design layout themselves. The most famous application in MySpace is MySpace Music. MySpace Music can let us search the artist that we loved and add the artists song into our playlist. We also can buy artists songs and artists album through MySpace. MySpace Music will also have Top Artists, Top Albums and Top Videos in MySpace. Before I do this assignment, I dont know what MySpace is. According to my opinion, MySpace just is a social networking. But, after I do my assignment, I feel that I was wrong. MySpace is not only a social networking. It is also a place that helps us connect with our favourite artists. We can know what our favourite artists do recently in MySpace. Through doing this assignment, I also know we can create a playlist that we want in MySpace. Besides create playlist, I know how to add songs into playlist and edit playlist. Furthermore, I also know how to find the artists result that I want. I found that MySpace really have many benefit for those who like music. Music is a part of our life. We can search the artist latest songs on our artists MySpace profile. MySpace really is a good website to us. I will introduce this website to all of my friends to share the benefit.

The Ethics of Violence in Computer Games :: Technology Essays

The Ethics of Violence in Computer Games Violence in video games was never a hot topic until April 20th, 1999. After the Columbine High School shooting rocked the nation with its unbelievable random brutality, a shocked nation searched for answers. There must have been some reason for Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold’s bloody rampage. The nation needed a scapegoat for this horrible event, something to take the blame. A lot of the blame landed on the media, the music industry, and violent video games. The debate over how video games influence kids still continues. There are many opinions on how harmful or harmless video games really are. Recently, many legislators seem to have decided that video games are, in fact, very harmful to kids. Legislation is currently being created to restrict and censor violent video games. Traditionally, parents have been the ones responsible and in control of what their children were exposed to on the computer. Now legislators want to govern what kids are exposed to rather than trust this jo b to the parents. This is a departure from how other forms of media are governed. Kids are legally allowed to buy any kind of music regardless of parental advisories and to view any kind of violence on TV. It is the parents’ job to determine if their kids are allowed to listen to that music or watch that TV. It should remain the same way with video games. It is unethical to take these choices out of the parents’ hands. It is the parents’ responsibility and right to raise their children how they see fit. However, the industry also has an important role to play. The music industry puts parental advisories on music content parents may find inappropriate and parents are informed of channel content when they sign up for cable. Likewise, the game industry needs to improve upon their methods of informing parents of the content in their games. Parents should be responsible for regulating the types of games their kids are exposed to, however, the video game industry has a responsibility to accurately and honestly communicate the level of violence depicted in their games. The effects of video games on kids is a relatively new topic of research. Initial studies have resulted in inconclusive and conflicting results. Most researchers have simply decided that video games should have the same negative effect on children as TV does, since the two mediums appear to be so similar.